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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. ZALIKOWSKI. WINDOW GASING AND SASH.

Patented May '7, 1889.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented May 7, 1889.

(No Model.) v

f J. Z-ALIKOWSKI.

WINDOW GASING AND SASH.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

JAN ZALIKOWSKI, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF LTHREE-FOIIRTI-IS TO AUGUST J. KOVVALSKI, THEODORE LEVANDOIVSKI, AND ANDREIV SCHULTZ, OF SAME PLACE.

WINDOW CASING AND SASH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 402,708, dated May 7, 1889.

Application filed August 3, 1888. Serial No. 281,910, (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAN ZALIKoWsKI, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Vindow Casings and Sashes, whereby windows may be readily swung or turned into position for cleaning,&c.; and- I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

lVIy-invention relates to window Casin gs and sashes.

The object of my improvement is a provision whereby windoW-sashes having panes of glass therein may be readily adjusted in position more favorable for cleaning,washin g, repainting, or repairing generally than when the sashes are fastened in the ordinary manner.

My invention consists in the combinations of elements embraced in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a front view of the window easing and sashes embodying my invention, the casingbeing partly sectional, as also a lower corner of the lower sash. The vertical section-line of the left-hand side of the casing passes through the fastenings of the inside stop or the inner windowstrip, in order to show the connection of the said fastenings. The vertical section-line on the right-hand side of the casing is partly within the plane of the inside portion of the lower window-sash to show the relation of the said sash to its pulleys and Weights, and partly within a plane of the sash-cord groove and the sash-weight chamber to show the weight, pulley, and cord and the hinge-connection at the lower corner of the sash. Fig. 2 is another vertical sectional view taken on a line. That on the left side passes through the partingbead or separator-strip between the sashes, and on the right side passes through the pulley, the groove in the casing for the cord, and the sash-Weight chamber. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the window casing and sashes with connecting parts, taken on a vertical line just at the right of the upper left side pulleys, the journal parts of the hinge-connections being shown in section. Fig. 4: is a vertical section on a line of a plane immediately at the right edges of the sashes, the lower parts of the inside stop and the parting-bead (that are removable, as hereinafter described) not being represented, but the places for their insertion being shown, and the sashes being represented in dotted lines as turned down in horizontal position. Fig. 5 is ahorizontal section broken away, taken on a line, 5 5, Fig. 3, passing through a portion of the upper or spring-bolt fastening for the inside stop or inner removable strip, and showing in section parts of the hanging stile, the inside sash, the outside sash, the inside stop, the parting-bead, the blind-stop, the eight-chambers, and weights therein. Fig. 6 is a vertical broken-away sec* tional View of the right lower corner of t-he window-casing and lower sash, a part of the lower right-hand corner of the sash being broken away to show the hinge-connection thereof and its chain for supporting the said sash. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6, through the hingeconnection therein shown, the sash part being shown in dotted lines as turned down in a horizontal position. Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the same hin ge-connection and corn er of sash, taken on line 8 8 of Fig. G. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section through the upper fastening of the inside stop or strip, taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 3, showing the spring-bolt with its bottom turned in horizontal position, holding the inside stop locked with the hanging stile. Fig. lO is an illustration of a modification of the hinge-connection when the sash is in an upright position and looking toward the inner face of said sash. Fig. ll is an illustration of the same looking toward thefedge of the sash, dotted lines showing the sash turned down.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several Views.

A is the window-casing.

B is the upper window-sash.

C is the lower window-sash.

D are the removable parts of the inside stops or inner strips, E,for the inside or lower sash.

F are the removable parts of the partingbeads or separat-ingstrips F. l n

G G are socket-pieces in the form of plates secured to the sides of the window-casing.

H are springs so placed that they shall IOO press against the sides of the removable parts F of the parting beads orstrips F when said parts F are placed in position for holding the outer or upper sashin the casing.

I are thumb-bolts for fastening in position on the window-casing the removable parts D of the inside stops or inner window-strips.

J are plates on the removable parts D of the inside stops or inner removable strips, provided with lugs j for assisting' in fastening the said removable parts D.

L are recesses in the socketpieces G, for the catch-pieces of the thumb-bolts I to pass into in locking their ends.

L are recesses in the socket-pieces G', for the lugs j of the plates J to passinto in catching fast.

M are holes in the upper ends of the removable parts D, for the shank of the thumbbolts l to pass into and work wit-hin.

N is one form of pivotal connection for hinging the sashes at their lower corners.

O is another form of pivotal connection.

O are plates attached to the bottom of each sash.

l) are rope (or chain) sockets having journal-bearin gs near their lower ends.

Q are springs secured within the rope socket-pieces P.

R are staples driven into the window-casing and also into the front parts of the sashes to form loops; or they may be loops or rings having screwshanks attached thereto.

S are the sash-cords.

T are the sash-weights.

U are the pulleys over which the cords run.

V are the lower ends of the removable parts F of the parting-bead.

lV and lV are the upper ends, respectively, of the parts D and F.

X are the rope or chain fastenings in the rope-socket I.

Y are the rope or chain fastenings, forming a modification.

The various parts of the construction are formed with the view of being operated by letting the sashes down near the bottom of the window-casing and then their tops out into the room at right angles, cords being at tached in staples or hooks on the casing and on the sashes to hold up the inner ends of said sashes, the other ends being designed to turn on pivotal connections in the windowcasing, without the sashes being entirely removed therefromf-that is, the pulley cords, ropes, or chains (whichever may be used in connection with weights to balance the window-sashes) are not to be detached in order to turn out the tops of the sashes into position for washing and cleaning the window-panes of glass or doing other work upon the window-sashes that could be more safely or readily performed than when they occupy their regular vertical position in a window-n casino.

The inner parts of the grooves in the casin are of a depth corresponding to the requirements of the ropes, cords, or chains, as the case may be. If a flat chain be used, said grooves may be comparatively shallow. Moreover, the said grooves are of less width than the edges of the sashes, so that the sashes do not enter them, and hence leave the chains free to run therein. The pulleys are well set back in the window-casings, so as to allow the chains or cords running over them to pass directly down in the grooves without being pressed upon by the sashes.

The hinge-connection is formed in either of two ways, either in the form of a rope-socket having near its inner end a journalbearing, as shown in Figs. l, (l, and 7, or in the form of a ring, as shown in Figs. l() and l1, the ropesocket piece or the ring, as the case may be, being' secured to the end of the sash sustaining and balancin g rope or chain, and the j ournal-bearing in the one case, or the ring attached to a rope or chain in the other ease, serving to receive a pivotal piece or journal secured by its plate O to the bottom of the sash at the lower corner thereof.

The plate O, as shown in Fig. 8, is secured by screws to the bottom of each sash at each of its lower corners, and is provided vwith a journal part or pivotal piece, o', having a cam, o2. The sash, when turned to a horizontal position within the room, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 7, causes the cam o2 to be firmly pressed again st a leaf-spring, Q, secured at its other end (at to the inner part of the socket P, causing the spring to press its lower end, p', firmly against one of the inner walls of the groove in which the socket-piece l) and its cord travel, thus temporarily fastening the hinged end of the sash, so that its weights cannot raise it until the window-sash has again been turned back into its normal upright position. i.

In the modified form of the pivotal connection shown in Figs. 'lO and ll. the cam o2 is intended to be of sufcient height to avail in binding itself within the cordgroove, upon the sash being turned down, without the use of a spring; or, it' a spring is used, it may be one fastened within said groove in a position to be pressed upon by said cani at that time to assist in fastening down the sash, as also serving to protect from wear and injury the side of the cord-groove that the cani o2 turns against.

ln Figs. G and 7 the sash-chain is fastened at X by means of a rivet or bolt passing through the lower link ot' the chain and into holes in the socket-piece P.

In Figs. 10 and l1 the chain. terminates in a ring that surrounds the journal part o 'ot' the plate O', forming the fastening Y.

As shown in lligs. l, 6, and 7, the rope-socket pieces pivotally connected to the lower windowsash are extended somewhat below their journal-bearings, recesses p2 being formed in the window-sill to receive the said projecting IOO IIO

parts when the said sash is lowered to its farthest extent. This provision is to admit of that sash turning down at a lower pivotal point than the upper sash, so that the latter may turn down readily over the other after it has been turned down in horizontal position.

The window-strips are each made lin two parts, the upper parts being securely afiiXed in their places, while the lower parts are provided with means for readily securing them and releasing them at will, as it is only by removing said lower parts that the way becomes clear for swinging or turning down the window-sashes after they have been lowered to their extreme limits, as shown.

Staples or rings R may be secured in the casing and also in the sashes, in which cords may be fastened for sustaining the sashes in horizontal position, and thus obviating strain on the pivotal connections.

The thumb-bolt I, used for fastening and unfastening the top portion of the removable part of the inside stop, E, is formed of several parts, as follows: The screw-threaded bolt is provided at its inner end with a button, and with a spring, 2, nut and hollow knob 4. The knob 4 is so connected at its base with the bolt 'i that the latter may be longitudinally reciprocated in the opening in the bottom of the base, but must turn with the knob. This is provided for by squaring that portion of the bolts shank having a bearing in said opening and squaring the opening to correspond. A groove and splinemay serve the same purpose as squaring the parts, and various other means for causing the two parts to rotate with each other may be employed. The nut 3 fits loosely within the outer hollow portion of the hollow knob 4, its inner end bearing against the outer end of the spring 2, and the latters inner end bears against the inside of the bottom of the knob 4, the spring 2 surrounding a portion of the bolt 7, and by the construction being practically inclosed from view. The spring constantly tends to press outward the nut 3, and thereby d raw the bolt outward as far as its button will admit. The bolt works in the hole M. of the removable part D of the inside stop, as shown in Figs. l and 9, and its button 'i' is drawn snugly up aga-inst the inside of the removable part D when the latter is not in use. Vhemhowever, the said part is used, the thumb-bolt I then comes into play, and the button after having been passed into the recess of the socket-plate G, is then turned a quarter-turn, when its spring 2 forces it, by means of its attached bolt and nut 3, tightly up against the inside surface of said socket-plate.

The rope-socket pieces P are usually of different lengths below their points for the journal-bearings therein, according as they are placed on the 'hinside or lower sash or the outer or upper sash, the longer lower projections being used on the latter in providing that its pivotal point shall be higher than that of the other sash. However, if the recesses p2 for the lower projections of the rope* socket pieces P, used on the inside sash,were made sufficiently deep in the sill, then all the said rope-socket pieces could be made of like lengths.

rlhe upper end, lV, of the removable part D of the inside stop and also the upper end of the removable part F of the parting-bead terminate with inclines that correspond with inclines on the contiguous xed portions of the respective strips. These inclines mark the points of separation between the parts of the inside stop, E, and the parts of the parting-bead F.

Vhen it is desired to turn out into the room the tops of the sashes, the parts D and F are removed, the spring H, bearing against the side of the part F, oering only slight frictional resistance to slipping out the part F,

and the part D being unlocked by a quarterturn of 'the thumb-bolt I. The part F is lifted out of the recess V after the upper portion of the part F has been withdrawn from the recess in the casing in which it is held. The lug of the plate J is readily withdrawn from the recess L of the socket-plate G after the thumb -bolt I has been detached from the socket-plate G. The button of the bolt is Vreadily disengaged from the socket-plate G by pressing inward on the nut 3, thus overcoming the resistance of the spring 2, and then turning the nut 4 until the button is in position to be withdrawn through the opening or recess L in the socket-plate G. It is preferredto remove the parts D and turn down inside of the room the inside or lower sash on its pivots, then remove the parts F and lower the upper sash and turn it down on its pivots.

The sashes are turned up and back in the reverse order and the fastening-strips F and D replaced in their positions for assisting in maintaining them in their vert-ical position, whereupon the sashes may be vertically reciprocated and used, generally, as in the case of ordinary window-sashes.

Having thus fully described my invention, whatIclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isn

l. A spring thumb-bolt, I, consisting of the screw-threaded bolt having button spring 2, nut 3, and hollow knob 4, in combination with the removable strip D, the plate J, hav-A ing lug j, and the casing having socket-plates G G, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The rope-socket piece P, provided with the spring Q, in combination with the journal o and its cam o2, said spring pressing against the cam, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The outer sash, B, and inner sash, C, each pivoted to rope-socket pieces P at its lower edge, the lsocket-pieces of the outer sash hav-` ing a longer section below the pivotal point IOO IIO

than the socket-pices of the inner Sash, Sub- In testimony whereof I affix my signature in stantially as described. the presence of two witnesses.

4. The removable Strips D and F, having their upper ends inclined, as described, in coin- JAN ZATJKOVVSK.

5 bination with the Window-easing, and springs ll, for holding the strips F, zuid spring-bolts VitnesseS: I, for holding the strips D within the easing', JAKOB KIERIG, substantially as and for the p L11-pose described. UASSIMIR KALINOWSKI. 

